imagecharup

Last updated: Fri, 30 Oct 2009

imagecolorallocate

(PHP 4, PHP 5)

imagecolorallocate — Allocate a color for an image

Description

int imagecolorallocate ( resource $image , int $red , int $green , int $blue )

Returns a color identifier representing the color composed of the given RGB components.

imagecolorallocate() must be called to create each color that is to be used in the image represented by image .

Note: The first call to imagecolorallocate() fills the background color in palette-based images - images created using imagecreate().

Parameters

image: An image resource, returned by one of the image creation functions, such as imagecreatetruecolor().
red: Value of red component.
green: Value of green component.
blue: Value of blue component.

These parameters are integers between 0 and 255 or hexadecimals between 0x00 and 0xFF.

Return Values

A color identifier or FALSE if the allocation failed.

Changelog

Version	Description
Prior to 5.1.3	Returns -1 if the allocation failed.

Examples

Example #1 imagecolorallocate() example


<?php

$im = imagecreate(100, 100);

// sets background to red
$background = imagecolorallocate($im, 255, 0, 0);

// sets some colors
$white = imagecolorallocate($im, 255, 255, 255);
$black = imagecolorallocate($im, 0, 0, 0);

// hexadecimal way
$white = imagecolorallocate($im, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF);
$black = imagecolorallocate($im, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00);

?>


Here's a very simple function that basically does the same as imagecolorallocate(), only without needing an image resource to work.



<?php

function createcolor($r, $g, $b) {

  return hexdec(str_pad(dechex($r), 2, 0, STR_PAD_LEFT).str_pad(dechex($g), 2, 0, STR_PAD_LEFT).str_pad(dechex($b), 2, 0, STR_PAD_LEFT));

}



/* As said earlier, this function does the exact same thing as imagecolorallocate(), without needing an image resource. This means that the following two blocks of code result in the exact same thing: */



//Block 1

$color = colorcreate(105, 199, 204);



//Block 2

$img = imagecreatetruecolor(100, 100); //the arguments here don't really matter

$color = imagecolorallocate($img, 105, 199, 204);

imagedestroy($img);

?>

federicot at gmail dot com
21-May-2008 02:08


Little correction to marc-gutt's regural expression to validate hex color values. You can use this little function:



<?php

// Validate an hex color string. Return true if valid, false otherwise

function validateHexColor($color) {

    $color = substr($color, 0, 7);

    return preg_match('/#[0-9a-fA-F]{6}/', $color);

}

?>

djcassis at gmail dot com
21-Nov-2007 08:06


I also find the following useful when dealing with HTML hexadecimal colors :

<?php

$color = '#FFffFF';

print_r(sscanf($color, '#%2x%2x%2x'));

?>

outputs :

Array

(

    [0] => 255

    [1] => 255

    [2] => 255

)

Ludo
24-Oct-2007 09:35


When working on an existant GIF images, if the number of different colours has reached the limits of the GIF format, imagecolorallocate will not use to the colour you ask her within the parameters, she will apply black !



That's a problem when generating images "on-the-fly" with many manipulations, from a GIF image.

To go round the problem, you have to convert the GIF image into a PNG one, and then you can work on the PNG and everything will be ok.



For example :

<?php

// first, convert into a PNG image

$handle = imagecreatefromgif('my_image.gif');

imagepng($handle, 'my_image.png');

imagedestroy($handle);



// then, you can work on it

$handle = imagecreatefrompng('my_image.png');

/*

* work on the image

*/

imagegif($handle);

?>

William Barath
28-Sep-2007 11:15


Lots of hsv2rgb commentary but no working example, so here's mine:



<?php // hsv2rgb example translated from ImageMagick C code

function hsv2rgb($h, $s, $v) 

{

    $s /= 256.0;

    if ($s == 0.0) return array($v,$v,$v);

    $h /= (256.0 / 6.0);

    $i = floor($h);

    $f = $h - $i;

    $p = (integer)($v * (1.0 - $s));

    $q = (integer)($v * (1.0 - $s * $f));

    $t = (integer)($v * (1.0 - $s * (1.0 - $f)));

    switch($i) {

    case 0: return array($v,$t,$p);

    case 1: return array($q,$v,$p);

    case 2: return array($p,$v,$t);

    case 3: return array($p,$q,$v);

    case 4: return array($t,$p,$v);

    default: return array($v,$p,$q);

    }

}



$image = ImageCreateTrueColor(256,128);

for ($y=0; $y<64; $y++) for($x=0; $x<256; $x++){

    list($r,$g,$b) = hsv2rgb($x | 7,255,($y*4) |7);

    $color = ($r << 16 ) | ($g << 8) | $b;

    imagesetpixel($image, $x, $y-4, $color);

}

for ($y=64; $y<128; $y++) for($x=0; $x<256; $x++){

    list($r,$g,$b) = hsv2rgb($x|7,((127-$y)*4)|7,255);

    $color = ($r << 16) | ($g << 8) | $b;

    imagesetpixel($image, $x, $y-4, $color);

}

for ($y=120; $y<128; $y++) for($x=0; $x<256; $x++){

    $color = (($x |7) << 16) | (($x |7) << 8) | ($x |7);

    imagesetpixel($image, $x, $y, $color);

}

header("Content-Type: image/png");

imagepng($image);

?>

info at marc-gutt dot de Marc Gutt
04-Aug-2007 12:50


rgb from hex without creating a new function or using split features:



<?php



$color = 'FF9900';

$color = imagecolorallocate($im, hexdec('0x' . $color{0} . $color{1}), hexdec('0x' . $color{2} . $color{3}), hexdec('0x' . $color{4} . $color{5}));



?>



You can validate $color with preg_match('#[a-z0-9]{6}#i', $color) if necessary.

picklecj at rose-hulman dot edu
13-Jun-2007 03:15


Another solution to color limitation issues when creating gradients. This file takes width (px) and left and right colors (hex) and makes a gradient while only allocating 250 colors.



<?php

$leftR = hexdec(substr($_GET["left"],0,2));

$leftG = hexdec(substr($_GET["left"],2,2));

$leftB = hexdec(substr($_GET["left"],4,2));

$rightR = hexdec(substr($_GET["right"],0,2));

$rightG = hexdec(substr($_GET["right"],2,2));

$rightB = hexdec(substr($_GET["right"],4,2));

$image=imagecreate($_GET["width"],1);

for($i=0;$i<250;$i++) {

    $colorset[$i] = imagecolorallocate($image, $leftR + ($i*(($rightR-$leftR)/250)), $leftG + ($i*(($rightG-$leftG)/250)), $leftB + ($i*(($rightB-$leftB)/250)));

}

for($i=0;$i<($_GET["width"]);$i++) {

  imagesetpixel ($image, $i, 0, $colorset[(int)($i/($_GET["width"]/250))] );

}

header("Content-type: image/png");

imagepng($image);

imagedestroy($image);

?>



example: gradient.php?width=640&left=000000&right=FF0000



Makes a 640px-wide image that fades from black to red.

LPEspecial at home dot nl
19-Sep-2006 03:04


This might help someone who want to  use 'ImageColorAllocate ' with a hex value





<?php


function ImageColorAllocateFromHex ($img, $hexstr)


{


  $int = hexdec($hexstr);





  return ImageColorAllocate ($img,


         0xFF & ($int >> 0x10),


         0xFF & ($int >> 0x8),


         0xFF & $int);


}


?>

behun at webconsult dot sk
27-Aug-2006 08:56


Also, when you need more then 256 colors, use imagecreatetruecolor function. With this function you can use unlimited number of colors.

SW
13-Jan-2006 10:00


This works! A Black-Image with vertical centered white Aliased Arial-Text and same left and right margin - used for Menu-Buttons.



<?php



  function createImgText ($string="", $fontsize=0, $marginX=0, $imgH=0 , $fontfile="", $imgColorHex="", $txtColorHex=""){

    if($string!=""){

        Header("Content-type: image/png");     

        //

        $spacing = 0;

          $line = array("linespacing" => $spacing);

        $box = @imageftbbox($fontsize,0,$fontfile,$string,$line)

        or die("ERROR");

        $tw=$box[4]-$box[0]; //image width

        $marginY = $imgH - (($imgH - $fontsize) / 2);

        $imgWidth = $tw + (2*$marginX);

        $im = ImageCreate($imgWidth, $imgH); 

        $int = hexdec($imgColorHex);

        $arr = array("red" => 0xFF & ($int >> 0x10),

               "green" => 0xFF & ($int >> 0x8),

               "blue" => 0xFF & $int);

        $black = ImageColorAllocate($im, $arr["red"], $arr["green"], $arr["blue"]); 

        $int = hexdec($txtColorHex);

        $arr = array("red" => 0xFF & ($int >> 0x10),

               "green" => 0xFF & ($int >> 0x8),

               "blue" => 0xFF & $int);

        $white = ImageColorAllocate($im, $arr["red"], $arr["green"], $arr["blue"]); 

        ImageFtText($im, $fontsize, 0, $marginX, $marginY, $white, $fontfile, $string, array()); 

        ImagePng($im); 

        ImageDestroy($im);

    }else{

        echo "ERROR!";

    }

}

createImgText ("Hello World", 9, 10, 18, "arial.ttf", "000000", "FFFFFF");

?>

mlse
15-Nov-2005 09:49


Another more general variation on the theme using the same naming conventions as the hexdec and dechex built-in functions ...



Prototype:



array hexrgb ( string hex_string )



Returns:



An associative array of the RGB components specified in hex_string.



hexrgb() example:



<?php

$rgb = hexrgb("0xAABBCC");

print_r($rgb);

?>



Output is:



Array

(

  [red] => 170

  [green] => 187

  [blue] => 204

)



Implementation:



<?php

function hexrgb ($hexstr)

{

  $int = hexdec($hexstr);



  return array("red" => 0xFF & ($int >> 0x10),

               "green" => 0xFF & ($int >> 0x8),

               "blue" => 0xFF & $int);

}

?>



The output of hexdec can then be passed to imagecolorallocate and manipulated as required.

Zigbigidorlu at hotmail dot com
06-Oct-2005 07:05


Here's a very simple and very effective code to change a HEX color to RGB.





<?php


function HEX2RGB($color){


 $color_array = array();


 $hex_color = strtoupper($color);


 for($i = 0; $i < 6; $i++){


  $hex = substr($hex_color,$i,1);


  switch($hex){


   case "A": $num = 10; break;


   case "B": $num = 11; break;


   case "C": $num = 12; break;


   case "D": $num = 13; break;


   case "E": $num = 14; break;


   case "F": $num = 15; break;


   default: $num = $hex; break;


  }


  array_push($color_array,$num);


 }


 $R = (($color_array[0] * 16) + $color_array[1]);


 $G = (($color_array[2] * 16) + $color_array[3]);


 $B = (($color_array[4] * 16) + $color_array[5]);


 return array($R,$G,$B);


 unset($color_array,$hex,$R,$G,$B);


}


?>

mail at kailashnadh dot name
28-Jun-2005 02:47


This nifty function will produce the negative of a given image!



<?php



/********************************



     Code by Kailash Nadh

     http://kailashnadh.name



     usage:

     img2neg("my_pic.jpg");



*********************************/



function img2neg($pic) {



    header("Content-type: image/jpeg");



    $source=imagecreatefromjpeg($pic);    // Source

    $width=imagesx($source);    $height=imagesy($source);



    $im = imagecreatetruecolor($width, $height);    // Our negative img in the making



    for($y=0; $y < $height; $y++) {

        for($x=0; $x < $width; $x++) {



        $colors=imagecolorsforindex($source, imagecolorat($source, $x,$y));



            // this is what makes the colors negative

            $r=255-$colors['red'];

            $g=255-$colors['green'];

            $b=255-$colors['blue'];

            $test=imagecolorallocate($im, $r,$g,$b);

            imagesetpixel($im,$x, $y, $test);

        }

    }



    imagejpeg($im);

    imagedestroy($im);

}



?>

andreoli dot carlo at libero dot it
08-Jun-2005 01:38


hsl to RGB


(not yet optimized but it function)





<?php


function hslToRgb ($h, $s, $l) {


    if ($h>240 || $h<0) return array(0,0,0);


    if ($s>240 || $s<0) return array(0,0,0);


    if ($l>240 || $l<0) return array(0,0,0);     


    if ($h<=40) {


        $R=255;


        $G=(int)($h/40*256);


        $B=0;


    }


    elseif ($h>40 && $h<=80) {


        $R=(1-($h-40)/40)*256;


        $G=255;


        $B=0;


    }


    elseif ($h>80 && $h<=120) {


        $R=0;


        $G=255;


        $B=($h-80)/40*256;


    }


    elseif ($h>120 && $h<=160) {


        $R=0;


        $G=(1-($h-120)/40)*256;


        $B=255;


    }


    elseif ($h>160 && $h<=200) {


        $R=($h-160)/40*256;


        $G=0;


        $B=255;


    }


    elseif ($h>200) {


        $R=255;


        $G=0;


        $B=(1-($h-200)/40)*256;


    }


    $R=$R+(240-$s)/240*(128-$R);


    $G=$G+(240-$s)/240*(128-$G);


    $B=$B+(240-$s)/240*(128-$B);


    if ($l<120) {


        $R=($R/120)*$l;


        $G=($G/120)*$l;


        $B=($B/120)*$l;


    }


    else {


        $R=$l*((256-$R)/120)+2*$R-256;


        $G=$l*((256-$G)/120)+2*$G-256;


        $B=$l*((256-$B)/120)+2*$B-256;


    }


    if ($R<0) $R=0;


    if ($R>255) $R=255;


    if ($G<0) $G=0;


    if ($G>255) $G=255;


    if ($B<0) $B=0;


    if ($B>255) $B=255;


    


    return array((int)$R,(int)$G,(int)$B);


}


?>

mv at brazil dot com
15-Mar-2005 07:34


<?php





/**


 * Create a image bar using lib GD


 * Ege. <img src="color_sample.php?color=FF0000" width="10 height="30">


 */





// Split the HTML color representation


$hexcolor = str_split($_GET["color"], 2); 





// Convert HEX values to DECIMAL


$bincolor[0] = hexdec("0x{$hexcolor[0]}");


$bincolor[1] = hexdec("0x{$hexcolor[1]}");


$bincolor[2] = hexdec("0x{$hexcolor[2]}");





$im = ImageCreate(100, 100);


$colorallocate = ImageColorAllocate($im, $bincolor[0], $bincolor[1], $bincolor[2]);


ImageFilledRectangle($im, 0, 0, 100, 100, $colorallocate);


header('Content-Type: image/png');


ImagePNG($im);





?>

18-Jan-2005 10:23


When you are using truecolor images, you can also use bitwise operations to generate the color:

<?php

$color = ($r << 16) | ($g << 8) | $b; // 2261213

?>

This is identical to the imagecolorallocate() function, in truecolor images!

aaron at parecki dot com
22-Dec-2004 10:10


This will let you tint an image to any specific color. The blacks of the source image become your specified color, and the whites remain white. Works best for colorizing greyscale images. 



<?php



$r = 224;

$g = 192;

$b = 0;

$source_file = "picture.jpg";



$im_src = ImageCreateFromJpeg($source_file);

$im_tint = ImageCreate(imagesx($im_src),imagesy($im_src));

for ($c = 0; $c < 255; $c++) {

     ImageColorAllocate($im_tint, max($r,$c), max($g,$c), max($b,$c));

}

ImageCopyMerge($im_tint,$im_src,0,0,0,0, imagesx($im_src), imagesy($im_src), 100);

ImageDestroy($im_src);



header("Content-type: image/jpeg");

imagejpeg($im_tint);



?>

tyberis
28-Nov-2004 12:58


2 functions to convert from HSV colorspace (hue/saturation/brightness) to RGB (red/green/blue) colorspace and back. 


<?php


// $c = array($red, $green, $blue)


// $red=[0..1], $green=[0..1], $blue=[0..1];


function rgb2hsv($c) {


 list($r,$g,$b)=$c;


 $v=max($r,$g,$b);


 $t=min($r,$g,$b);


 $s=($v==0)?0:($v-$t)/$v;


 if ($s==0)


  $h=-1;


 else {


  $a=$v-$t;


  $cr=($v-$r)/$a;


  $cg=($v-$g)/$a;


  $cb=($v-$b)/$a;


  $h=($r==$v)?$cb-$cg:(($g==$v)?2+$cr-$cb:(($b==$v)?$h=4+$cg-$cr:0));


  $h=60*$h;


  $h=($h<0)?$h+360:$h;


 }


 return array($h,$s,$v);


}





// $c = array($hue, $saturation, $brightness)


// $hue=[0..360], $saturation=[0..1], $brightness=[0..1]


function hsv2rgb($c) {


 list($h,$s,$v)=$c;


 if ($s==0)


  return array($v,$v,$v);


 else {


  $h=($h%=360)/60;


  $i=floor($h);


  $f=$h-$i;


  $q[0]=$q[1]=$v*(1-$s);


  $q[2]=$v*(1-$s*(1-$f));


  $q[3]=$q[4]=$v;


  $q[5]=$v*(1-$s*$f);


  //return(array($q[($i+4)%5],$q[($i+2)%5],$q[$i%5]));


  return(array($q[($i+4)%6],$q[($i+2)%6],$q[$i%6])); //[1]


 }


}


?>





[1] - EDITOR NOTE: THIS IS A FIX FROM "hc at hob(removethis)soft dot net".

smoli at paranoya dot ch
19-Jul-2004 06:10


Some of you maybe want to use HSV color model for drawing color selectors and circles:





<?php


  function &colormap_hsv_to_rgb($h, $s, $v)


  {


    $ret = new stdClass();





    if($s == 0)


    {


      $ret->r = $v;


      $ret->g = $v;


      $ret->b = $v;





      return $ret;


    }


    else


    {


      $h = floatval($h) / 255.0;


      $s = floatval($s) / 255.0;


      $v = floatval($v) / 255.0;





      $hue = $h;





      if($hue == 1.0)


        $hue = 0.0;





      $hue *= 6.0;





      $i = intval($hue);


      $f = $hue - floatval($i);


      $w = $v * (1.0 - $s);


      $q = $v * (1.0 - ($s * $f));


      $t = $v * (1.0 - ($s * (1.0 - $f)));





      switch($i)


      {


         case 0: $ret->r = $v; $ret->g = $t; $ret->b = $w; break;


         case 1: $ret->r = $q; $ret->g = $v; $ret->b = $w; break;


         case 2: $ret->r = $w; $ret->g = $v; $ret->b = $t; break;


         case 3: $ret->r = $w; $ret->g = $q; $ret->b = $v; break;


         case 4: $ret->r = $t; $ret->g = $w; $ret->b = $v; break;


         case 5: $ret->r = $v; $ret->g = $w; $ret->b = $q; break;


      }


    }


    


    $ret->r = intval($ret->r * 255.0);


    $ret->g = intval($ret->g * 255.0);


    $ret->b = intval($ret->b * 255.0);





    return $ret;


  }


?>

jernberg at fairytale dot se
05-Mar-2004 06:43


this might help someone, how to allocate an color from an html color-definition:





<?php


$fg = "#ff0080";





$red = 100;


$green = 100;


$blue = 100;


if( eregi( "[#]?([0-9a-f]{2})([0-9a-f]{2})([0-9a-f]{2})", $fg, $ret ) )


{


    $red = hexdec( $ret[1] );


    $green = hexdec( $ret[2] );


    $blue = hexdec( $ret[3] );


}





$text_color = ImageColorAllocate( $img1, $red, $green, $blue );


?>

chris at drunkenpirates dot co dot uk
14-Sep-2003 12:44


<?php



/*

An example combining the use of ImageColorAllocate, Imagesetpixel, Imagecopyresized and some basic Trig

*/



Header("Content-type: image/png");



$height = 128;

$width = 128;



$imA = ImageCreate($width, $height);

$imB = ImageCreate($width*4, $height*4);

$bckA = ImageColorAllocate($imA, 0,0,0);

$bckB = ImageColorAllocate($imB, 0,0,0);



//GENERATE GRAY SCALE PALLETE



for($c=0;$c<256;$c++){

                ImageColorAllocate($imA, $c, $c, $c);

                }



//PRODUCE DATA



$m=rand(0,10);

for($c=0;$c<128;$c++){

                $s=  (sin( deg2rad($c*360*$m/128) )+1)*127;

                $col_arr[$c]=$s;

                }

for($y=0;$y<$height;$y++){

        for($x=0;$x<$width;$x++){

                $imgA[$x][$y]=$col_arr[$x];

                }

        }

for($y=0;$y<$height;$y++){

        for($x=0;$x<$width;$x++){

                $imgB[$x][$y]=$col_arr[$y];

                }

        }



//SET PIXELS



for($y=0;$y<$height;$y++){

        for($x=0;$x<$width;$x++){

                $imgC[$x][$y]=$imgA[$x][$y]+$imgB[$x][$y];

                $s=$imgC[$x][$y]/2;

                Imagesetpixel($imA,$x,$y,$s);

                }

        }



//RESIZE IMAGE FOR DISPLAY



Imagecopyresized ($imB, $imA, 0, 0, 0, 0, $width*4, $height*4, $width, $width);

ImagePNG($imB);

?>

leif at harmsen dot net
16-Apr-2003 02:31


I was unable to get any of the posted methods for converting colour to grayscale to work.  The problem appears to be the way gd creates images from jpeg inconsistently over various versions.  Eventually I wrote my own that works for me - this approach allocates the 256 color pallete first.  You can also play with separate $r, $g, $b variables before using imagecolorallocate in order to tone or tint the image.





<?php


$resource = 'whatever.jpg';


$im_size = GetImageSize($resource);


$imageWidth = $im_size[0];


$imageHeight = $im_size[1];


$im = imageCreate($imageWidth,$imageHeight);


for ($c = 0; $c < 256; $c++) {     


     ImageColorAllocate($im, $c,$c,$c);


}


$im2 = ImageCreateFromJpeg($resource);


ImageCopyMerge($im,$im2,0,0,0,0, $imageWidth, $imageHeight, 100);


ImageDestroy($im2);


?>





go on using $im as your image, it is now grayscale ....

jasper at pointless dot net
21-Jan-2003 01:20


a patch to php 4.3.0 to add imagecolorallocatealpha is here:



http://pointless.net/~jasper/php-4.3.0-imagecolorallocatealpha.patch



cd php-4.3.0/ext/gd

patch < path/to/patch



and recompile and reinstall.

bisqwit at iki dot fi
17-Feb-2002 04:30


Actually, you can't allocate more than 256 colours for an paletted image (ImageCreate).

Use ImageCreateTrueColor instead. For it to work, you need libgd version 2 support in php though.

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imagecolorallocatealpha